One In Six U.S. Deaths Due To Stroke

A loved one has sudden numbness in the face and leg along with trouble speaking, loss of balance and a severe headache. What do you do? Call 9-1-1 immediately because they most likely are having a stroke. With a stroke, fast treatment can lead to a better outcome.

Strokes are caused by a reduction of blood carried to the brain, resulting in the death of cells. These occur in various forms, with the most common – ischemic stroke – accounting for 87% of strokes. Cognitive and motor functions can change due to brain tissue damage. Awareness and lifestyle changes can help prevent a stroke as it can occur at any age.

“The two types of strokes are ischemic and hemorrhagic. Ischemic strokes occur when a blood vessel is obstructed” explained James Pacelli, MD a neurologist with Penn Highlands Neurology. “Hemorrhagic strokes occur due to a broken blood vessel. Transient ischemic attacks (TIA), or mini strokes, are like strokes and need to be treated, but only result in temporary effects.”

Stroke risk factors

The conditions that increase risk for strokes include:

• Family history or previous stroke

• High blood pressure

• High cholesterol

• Heart disease

• Diabetes

• Smoking

• Drug usage

• Physical inactivity, obesity

Warning signs of a stroke

When too many brain cells die, the brain becomes permanently altered causing lingering effects for years to come. It is important to know when a stroke is occurring and remember to BE FAST.

• Balance: loss of balance

• Eyes: sudden vision changes

• Face: recognize a droopy smile

• Arms: raise both arms and notice if one sags or drops quickly

• Speech: slurring words

• Time: immediately call for help

Treatment options for stroke

For those who experience a stroke, treatment is available depending on the severity of damage and the type of stroke that occurred. This may require removal of blood clots, medication and/or surgery. Additionally, there are options to rehabilitate following a stroke to regain abilities that have been lost. Seeking occupational therapy, physical therapy and/or speech therapy will aid in necessary lifestyle adjustments.

All Penn Highlands Healthcare emergency departments are prepared to identify and treat strokes as quickly as possible. Penn Highlands DuBois and Penn Highlands Mon Valley are designated Primary Stroke Centers. This certification from The Joint Commission recognizes hospitals that have the infrastructure, staff and training to identify and treat patients with the most complex strokes. In addition, Penn Highlands Elk is certified by the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association as an Acute Stroke Ready Hospital which it achieved for its dedication to providing stroke care to the community. To learn more, visit www.phhealthcare.org/stroke.