The Facts about Psoriasis

Do you know what singers Cyndi Lauper and LeAnn Rimes have in common with actors Jon Lovitz and Jerry Mathers? All four are among the 7.5 million Americans who are affected from psoriasis, a chronic skin disorder that causes skin to form a rash of thick, red patches with white scales.

“Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes skin cell growth to accelerate,” explained said T. Murray Baker, MD, a family medicine physician at Penn Highlands Family Medicine in St. Marys. “The buildup of skin cells can cause raised red patches of skin with white scales, and over time can lead to other health conditions such as diabetes, heart disease and psoriatic arthritis.”

What causes psoriasis?

While there is no known cause of psoriasis, scientists believe it occurs when something in the immune system malfunctions, triggering new skin cells to form before old cells are discarded. Skin cells are usually replaced every 10 to 30 days, but with psoriasis new cells grow every three to four days, causing a buildup of old cells.

While it can appear at any age, psoriasis typically surfaces in adulthood. It is not contagious. Studies have shown that people with a family history of psoriasis are more likely to develop the condition themselves. However, that does not mean that everyone who has a family member with the skin disease will have it too.

Various factors can trigger an outbreak of psoriasis including:

• Emotional or physical stress

• Bacterial infections such as strep throat

• Medications

• Smoking

• Alcohol

• Skin trauma

• Hormonal changes during pregnancy or menopause

• Obesity

• Cold, dry weather

• Sun exposure

How is psoriasis diagnosed?

A medical history and physical exam are usually the way that psoriasis is diagnosed. A provider will examine the affected skin for the characteristics of psoriasis which include:

• Red patches or raised silvery white scales

• Nail changes such as discoloration or pitting

• Joint swelling

Since some other conditions could cause similar symptoms, the provider may order blood tests.

How is psoriasis treated?

Unfortunately, there is no cure for psoriasis, but there are many treatments available. Medications can slow the growth of new skin cells and relieve the itching and dry skin. Each person’s treatment plan is based on the size and location of the rash, their age and overall health. Treatment plans for mild psoriasis may include steroid creams, moisturizers, coal tar (available in lotions, creams, foams, shampoos and bath solutions), vitamin D-based cream or ointment and retinoid creams.

From skin conditions and immunizations to routine checkups, minor illnesses and chronic conditions, the Family Medicine physicians at Penn Highlands Healthcare provide care for the whole family. For more information or to find a provider near you, visit www.phhealthcare.org/familymedicine.